HistOSM "is a WebGIS application to visually explore historic objects stored in the OpenStreetMap database. Your visual exploration process is supported by dynamically created statistics showing the top most used object categories in the current map view extent. The diagram itself can be used to filter the objects on the map to a specific value by clicking on a category."
"Have fun to track down regional historic peculiarities by zooming in and out and filtering to your objects of interest. Click the individual objects to retrieve detailed tag information and links to asociated images, websites, wikipedia articles, organizational references or simply jump to the OpenStreetMap site via the linkes OSM Id's to start editing the objects if you want to add or update further information."
Historic Place is another website showing
Historical Objects from OpenStreetMap. It also has some vector (feature) maps laid on top, mostly in German.